Print speed is a critical parameter in 3D printing that determines how fast the printer moves while extruding material. It's typically measured in millimeters per second (mm/s) and affects print quality, printing time, and the likelihood of successful prints. Different parts of a print may require different speeds for optimal results.
The main print speed setting controls the overall movement speed during extrusion. Common speeds range from 30-100 mm/s, with 50-60 mm/s being a typical default for most materials. However, the optimal speed depends on the printer's capabilities, the material being used, and the specific requirements of the print.
Slicers often allow setting different speeds for various print features. Perimeter speed (outer walls) is typically set slower than infill speed to ensure better surface quality. Top and bottom layer speeds are often reduced to improve surface finish. Support material can usually be printed faster since appearance isn't critical.
Print speed directly affects print quality. Higher speeds can lead to issues like ringing (vibration artifacts), poor layer adhesion, or extrusion problems. Lower speeds generally produce better quality but take longer to complete. Finding the right balance between speed and quality is essential for successful printing.
The printer's mechanical capabilities also limit maximum print speed. Factors like stepper motor torque, frame rigidity, and acceleration settings all affect how fast the printer can reliably move. Exceeding these limits can cause missed steps, layer shifting, or other mechanical issues.
Some advanced slicers offer adaptive speed settings that automatically adjust speed based on layer time or geometry. This can help maintain consistent quality while optimizing print time for different parts of the model.
